Some Aspects of the Epidemiology of Babesia Bovis in Santana Do Livramento, Southern Brazil
نویسندگان
چکیده
SOME ASPECTS OF THE EPIDEMIOLOGY OF BABESIA BOVIS IN SANTANA DO LIVRAMENTO, SOUTHERN BRAZIL. Some aspects of the epidemiology of Babesia bovis were studied in Santana do Livramento, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil by analysing cattle raising practices applied to 101 herds and by diagnosing B. bovis antibodies in cattle of about 11 months old using an enzyme linked immunosorbent assay. Herds with prevalence of antibodies ranging between 15% to 80 % were considered at risk of babesiosis outbreaks of economic importance (enzootic instability). Fifty three per cent of herds were found in enzootic instability to B. bovis. The proportion of Bos taurus and B. indicus x B. taurus herds in instability were similar (P=0.771, chi square) and the number of acaricides treatments applied yearly had no influence in the instability to B. bovis (P= 0. 866, chi square). Herds maintained along with sheep in a ratio < 1.5 had greater chances to be in enzootic stability due to high antibody prevalence than herds kept under ovine/bovine ratio > 1.5 (P= 0.012, chi square); this probability was further increased in herds maintained on properties greater than 500 ha (P= 0.057, chi square). High B. bovis antibody prevalence was found in B. taurus x B. indicus herds subjected to an average of 5.8 tick treatments yearly with long residual period acaricides, indicating misuse of the chemicals or tick resistance to them. The epidemiological situation to B. bovis seems to justify vaccination to avoid economic losses in herds in enzootic instability and those in enzootic stability due to low antibody prevalence.
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